BEHAVIOURISM

COGNITIVISM

HUMANISM

• explains human behaviour in terms of how people react to their environment

• studies observable behaviour

• emphasizes what people do

• explains human behaviour in terms of how people make sense out of their environment

• studies internal cognitive processes

• emphasizes what people think

• explains human behaviour in terms of how people interact among themselves (based upon mutual respect and co-operation)

• studies feelings and interpersonal interactions

• emphasizes how people feel

 
like a telephone switchboard

like a computer

like a bush garden

• to teach particular contents

• to develop learners' problem-solving, thinking strategies

• to foster individual potential and interpersonal good feeling

provides high-structure environments

provides low-structure environments

provides low-structure environments

• focusses on content-based learning activities

• emphasizes learning content

• focusses on thinking, problem-solving activities

• emphasizes learning process

• adopts mixed, flexible activity types

• low priority on cognitive learning, content & process

reactive students

thinking students

feeling students